六一儿童节的由来

Childrn, also known as "Jun 1 Intrnational Childrn's Day," th annual Jun 1, th world of childrn's fstivals. Novmbr 1949, th Womn's Intrnational Dmocratic Fdration council mting hld in Moscow. China and othr countris and rprsntativs of countris and angr xposd th imprialist ractionaris kill and poison childrn. In ordr to protct th world's childrn to survival, halth and ducation, to improv th livs of childrn. Th mting dcidd in th annual Jun 1 Intrnational Childrn's Day.

Th Intrnational Childrn's Day (ICD) is clbratd in numrous countris, usually (but not always) on Jun 1 ach yar.

Th ICD had its origin in th World Confrnc for th Wllbing of Childrn in Gnva, Switzrland in 1925. It is not clar as to why Jun 1 was chosn as th ICD: on thory has it that th Chins consul-gnral in San Francisco (USA) gathrd a numbr of Chins orphans to clbrat th Dragon Boat Fstival in 1925, which happnd to b on Jun 1 that yar, and also coincidd with th confrnc in Gnva.

Jun 1 has sinc bn obsrvd as th ICD by numrous countris, spcially by Communist countris; in th Wstrn world th ICD is usually clbratd on othr days of th yar (if at all), and thr is oftn littl public awarnss about ths clbrations. (S th sction on Grmany blow for furthr discussions.) Consquntly thr is somtims a misprcption that Jun 1 as th ICD was a Communist invntion. Nonthlss, in rcnt yars vn som groups within th Unitd Stats startd obsrving th ICD on Jun 1.

1942年6月，德国法西斯党卫军包围了现在捷克共和国的首都布拉格市附近的利迪策村，枪杀了16岁以上男性公民140多人，全部婴儿和妇女被押往集中营，另外有90名儿童被押往波兰的一个集中营（其中只有17人活到战争结束）。村里所有的房舍、建筑物均被烧毁或被铲土机夷为平地。就这样，一个好好的村庄被法西斯党卫军毁灭了。

为了悼念利迪策村和全世界所有在战争中死难的儿童，反对帝国主义战争贩子虐杀、毒害儿童，保障儿童的权利，1949年11月在苏联首都莫斯科召开的国际民主妇女联合会理事会通过一项决议，正式决定每年的6月1日为全世界儿童的节日，即“六一”国际儿童节。

国际民主妇联作出每年6月1日为国际儿童节的决议后，1949年12月23日，我国中央人民政府政务院第十二次会议通过了统一全国年节和纪念日放假的办法，其中决定自1950年起，每年以6月1日国际儿童节作为中国儿童自己的节日，并放假举行庆祝。从此中止了1931年起由中华慈幼协会建议的每年4月4日为我国儿童节的活动。

于是，1950年6月1日便成了我国建国后的第一个“六一”国际儿童节。

此后，我国每年的6月1日都举行各种活动，庆祝“六一”国际儿童节。